By: Aya Yahia ID: 188510

       The divorce is considered a certain threaten for any family and recently became a phenomenon which increases constantly in Egypt. According to (Annahar, 2019) in the last years, the rate of the divorce cases as the statistics showed that a remarkable rise in the divorce rates by 6.7% and that compared with the rates of 2017 and this an indicant for a violent issue. Additionally, the parents do not realize that id the divorce solves the disagreement between them, it will open a huge one if there are children. Moreover, nowadays the children’s custody does not have to go with the mother in this previous period as the court searching for better interest for the children which is more with the father.

     The father has the ability more than the mother to get custody of the children as they will require the cost of living and studying. According to (Gowda, 2013) once the children reach a particular age they have to move to be with the father and this is what considered the best interest to the children. Moreover, nowadays there are changes about the custody of the children as the father has the right to have the custody of the children according to what the studies showed up as the father can provide a safe and secure environment to the children more than the mother. In addition to that, other studies showed that the father also can serve the child’s emotional, educational, social and medical needs (Goyal, 2019).

    On the other hand, although what matter more for the court is the best interest to the children, but the mother will be recommended more for what known before as some people convinced about that the mother will be the best one how will care about the children because it was usually without any analysis our survey about this matter as it usually works, but many studies showed up and the father does not know how to care enough about the children (Peeler, 2019).

     The father is sufficiently qualified to have custody of the children and after the studies which has made on giving the father custody of the children which showed up that the father will be able to provide the children a safe and secure environment the cost of living and studying (Goyal, 2019) the times with custody of the children went for the father increased enormously and it continued to increase till now. Furthermore, between nearly 82 custody cases in a year, most of them went for the father although the known concept goes for the mother. (Goyal, 2019).

   To conclude, the divorce perhaps harms the children if did not go in the right way because of the parental separation. The fathers have the right to take custody of the children as the fathers have the ability and possibility to care about them and their future well. Thus, the many cases now go for them because the fathers will provide them a safe environment and also serve the children’s emotional, educational, social and medical needs.

By: Mohamed Assran ID: 186237

Divorces over the last decade and years has been on the rise everywhere around the world but especially in third world countries like Egypt. According to Egypt’s Social Solidarity Minister, the number of divorce cases in Egypt has increased over the past decade from around 100,000 to a record of 186,000, showing a spike upsurge of 86% from its original number. Though the government still tackles this issue and are creating new measures to help prevent those divorces, which make up around 20% of some 980,000 marriages held every year according to the United Nation Population Division, the huge problem still lies ahead which is who gets custody of the children after the divorce?

According to the Office of National Statistics (ONS) most recent number crunch shows that in 2014, the woman or mother was the party or side that initiated the divorce in 66% of cases that year around the world. It used to be even higher: 69% in 2001 and a 72% at the start of the 1990s. This reveals that women are the ones that usually destroy those marriages and don’t try to hang around to put in the effort and try to fix the marriage but rather look for the easier way out. Why should the father suffer based on the mother’s incapability to deal with any problem and emotions in a marriage .We have and always will live in a patriarchal society controlled by men to be honest because women are also less capable of getting a good salary and unable to provide for their children a healthy lifestyle unlike the father.

            One might debate that the mother is the essence of any family and that she is the one that gave birth to the child in the first place but does that show any more love and compassion than a father? Does childbearing give you the right to keep the child although both parents love their child equally? Also, people feel more sympathy towards the mother always in these kind of situations like she isn’t the one to blame or rather that she has nothing in her life except her child thus proving that she deserves to keep the child. Furthermore, some argue that the mother is capable to financially provide for her child after a divorce just like the father so there is no reason for the child to be taken custody with the father.

Due to the high rate of divorces that women initiate, married men are generally feel like sitting ducks waiting to be left. Men, often being the highest earners in a family fear the crippling costs of a split and how it also effects the child financially and mentally therefore some people should feel some sympathy towards the father as well. A Cambridge University study detected that women see their per capita income drop by an average of around 31% immediately after a divorce so does that really show that a mother is able to withstand all pressure and stress of providing for the child because we have to be realistic, not everything is just dandy emotions and wishes. The reality is that men eventually are able to raise their children especially if they are boys better than the mother because they have financial backing and able to raise their children well. Women criticize men for their fear of commitment but look at the statistics and tell me who’s afraid of real commitment more, the mother or the father?

As you might have realized, this is a complicated issue and we can argue about this everyday but clearly and realistically, the father is and will always be the more efficient parent figure in having an effect on the child as they grow up and that the father is also able to take the mothers role and succeed. The only reason why some children choose their mothers custody when they are a bit young around the age of 15 for example is that they feel guilty for not choosing their lonely mother who supposedly gave birth to them even if they know, she is not capable of raising them well and living in poverty. Just to clarify, the father also essentially feels lonely and weak after a divorce so next time you go siding with the mother after a divorce, consider thinking of the father because he is also a human being with emotions.

By: Habiba Mohamed ID: 178979

Divorce is a decision made by a husband/wife or both to end their relationship as a married couple and no longer live with each other. This is completely a right for two adult persons, but their children are the only victims of this decision. Children deserve to live with their parents and have their financial and emotional rights, however, sometimes divorce is a decision that need to be made. Many people argue over child custody, whether child’s primary caretaker should be the mother or the father. This essay will discuss this debate concerning children who are under 16 years in Egypt. Mostly, mothers in Egypt are the ones who are qualified enough to be their children’s primary caretakers, that is because child care responsibilities are mostly performed by mothers in an Egyptian family, in addition, Egyptian mothers can be the head of householders who provide both financial and emotional needs.

     Childcare responsibilities are the responsibilities that performing them determine which parent is the children’s primary caretaker. These responsibilities are divided according to FindLaw team of legal writers and editors to the following: feeding infant, feeding young children, preparing meals, doing laundry, grocery shopping, dressing, and helping with homework/school duties. It is known socially that these responsibilities are done by the mother in an Egyptian family, in addition to this, according to Egypt United Nations Children’s Fund (2015), 85.8% of parents who take care of the children and the house in Egypt are the mothers, source: CAPMAS Household, Income, Expenditure and Consumption Survey (HIECS) 2015 and Egypt Demographic and Health Survey, 2005, 2008 and 2014. Therefore, in most cases, Egyptian mothers are the ones who would take good care of their children.

      Many people claim that children custody should be with the father because he can provide them all their needs., assuming that fathers are always the parent who is financially stable and go to work in order to satisfy his children’s and house needs.      

     Statistics released by CAMPAS revealed that women are breadwinners for over 3.3 million families in Egypt, representing 14% of the total number of families, and that is without any case of divorce. Moreover, according to data from the Egyptian Statistics Observatory, there are more than 12 million single mothers in Egypt as a result of divorce, separation, common law marriage, and widowhood, 12 million single mothers who are capable of taking care of their children completely without the help of their fathers.         In addition, according to CAMPAS statistics “76.5% of Egyptian women hold permanent jobs and 36.7% are part of professional syndicates”. Hence, Egyptian mothers can also provide the financial needs of their children.

     To conclude, Egyptian mothers can be the father, mother, and the breadwinners. However, this will not deny the fact that some mothers could not be qualified for such a duty, and the children could be safer and happier with their father. In this essay, I just stated the general status in Egypt regarding this topic in order to show and appreciate the spontaneous effort of many Egyptian women to please their children and provide them everything they need, emotionally and financially.

By: Shorouk Shirin ID:180531

A divorce is a disastrous occasion for any family, especially when children are involved. Studies have demonstrated that around 25% of children whose guardians separate experience mental, social, academical problems, they also develop the fear of rejection from their parents, and mood disorders in their lives ( Online Essays, 2019 ); having to go through the memories of divorce is a tragic moment for any child. Parents usually do not comprehend either conscious about the scar they leave in their children’s hearts and the hole they create in their lives as they witness all the shouting, crying and fighting that end up with serious problems for their future, and that is not what children wish for. However, if they get divorced, mothers have the priority to take the custody of the child over the father, were the law also supports this, the mother will be more able to support her mind rather than the father.

Mothers should get custody of her child rather than the father because mothers are more capable to help her children with their needs such as their mentality rather than the father. Where according to ASHBY LAW (n.d) that the court of law is more on the women’s side to have her child’s custody rather than being on the father’s side. Mother can help her child to overcome the divorce problem by empowering them, they empower them by giving them self-confidence. Mother’s also eliminating the absences of the father for long periods of time by acting as both, mother and father,  while a father cannot do the same thing ( Williams-Owens, 2017 ). This helps the child to overcome the moments of mental unstable-ness due to the non-existence of the father

On the other hand, the custody for the father could be challenging to win, despite the fact that the court doesn’t discriminate between both guardians. Analysis of Prior research has proposed that after separation, children do well in the custody of the equivalent sexual parent ( CraigHayward, 1996 ). When it comes to fathers, children have the opportunity to get the chance to genuinely open up to their fathers about various subjects especially boys without the fear of being judged, shy or even overwhelmed by how some of the topics may get uncomfortable, but also not giving a mini anxiety attack to the mother when her son has “the talk” with her and vice-versa, thus saving both, the child and mother, from having mental disruptions when they come across moments as such ( CraigHayward, 1996 ).

According to UNICEF ( 2011 ) children can speak well with both parents but once divorce happens, they start to be mentally unstable to speak, and that only mothers have the ability to help them speak up and break the barrier of them being shy about something, it is not at all about the mother having anxiety while having “the talk” with her child. It was also stated that mothers are better when communicating with their children more than the father, and she could understand her child the moment they speak. They can express themselves much better while with mothers than fathers.

To conclude, mothers should have custody of the child once divorce take place, and that is more of a beneficial thing for the children. As children in this stage of life, will need someone who understands them even without expressing themselves and they need the one who could make them feel mentally stable.  And finally as stated above, even the law is on the favor of the women’s side more than the father, as such care will come more from the mother side more than the father’s side at this stage.

     By: Yara Abdel-Nasser Ibrahim ID: 191735

Divorce is one of the most serious issues that face Egypt. According to the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS), in 2017, there are 913 thousand marriage cases recorded; on the other hand, there are 198 thousand divorce cases recorded. The percentage was 21.7% to every 100 marriage cases. According to the Egyptian Family Law, the custody is preferably given to the mother rather than given to the father up to age 15. There are many people who are against this law. Children should be with their mothers because they can meet their physiological needs better even when they are married after a divorce.

    Children who are aged under 15 years old have physiological needs and their relations with their mothers are stronger than their fathers because of the physiological aspect. According to “Maslow”’s Hierarchy of Needs, the physiological needs of humans is in the first rank. Children cannot meet their needs by themselves. When they are babies, they cannot even talk about their needs clearly. Mothers can understand their children’s needs and meet them perfectly. Scientifically, mothers and children have high levels of the hormone “Oxytocin”, the hormone of love and friendship that makes the relationship between mothers and their children is stronger than the relationship between fathers and their children (Britt, 2007).

      According to the Egyptian Family Law, if the mother gets married after divorce, she will lose the children’s custody. It claims that the mother would be careless about their children and their husbands would hate the children and treat them in a bad way that might affect the children psychologically. Thus, women after divorce should get married from relative men such as the children’s uncle or do not get married to keep the custody.

     The marriage of women after divorce does not mean careless about the children. There is no evidence that marriage will affect their relationships with their children. Firstly, the law allows her to marry the uncle as an example, so this is not a reason. Secondly, the hormone that is mentioned before makes the relationship between the mother and the child lifelong. Mothers have the freedom such as fathers to get married after a divorce. There is no proof that all of the mothers’ husbands treat the children badly. Moreover, it will help the child to be raised up in a complete family (Kelly, 2000).

     In conclusion, divorce is a problem that creates other conflicts in sequence. The conflict of child custody is one of them. The child custody should always go to the mother as the Egyptian Family Law states because she can meet the physiological needs of her children based on a scientific aspect. In addition, she can build another family by marriage without missing her role as a mother.